Description: 10" W with 4" BitsForge/ Bit Welded for StrengthApproximately 4 Lbs.100+ Years OldStamped U.S.R.S. Two Times on One Side and One Time on ReverseAlso Stamped with an "8" Inside of a SquareUnknown Maker Simmons? Wikipedia: In July of 1902, in accordance with the Reclamation Act, Secretary of the Interior Ethan Allen Hitchcock established the United States Reclamation Service within the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Reclamation Act required that water users repay construction costs from which they received benefits. In the jargon of that day, irrigation projects were known as "reclamation"projects. The concept was that irrigation would "reclaim" arid lands for human use. The newly formed Reclamation Service studied potential water development projects in each western state with Federal lands -- revenue from sale of Federal lands was the initial source of the program's funding. Because Texas had no Federal lands, it did not become a Reclamation state until 1906 when Congress passed a special Act including it in the provisions of the Reclamation Act. From 1902 to 1907, Reclamation began about 30 projects in Western states. Then, in 1907, the Secretary of the Interior separated the Reclamation Service from the USGS and created an independent bureau within the Department of the Interior. In the early years, many projects encountered problems: lands/soils included in projects were unsuitable for irrigation; land speculation sometimes resulted in poor settlement patterns; proposed repayment schedules could not be met by irrigators who had high land preparation and facilities construction costs; settlers were inexperienced in irrigation farming; waterlogging of irrigable lands required expensive drainage projects; and projects were built in areas which could only grow low-value crops. In 1923 the agency was renamed the "Bureau of Reclamation." By 1924, however, in the face of increasing settler unrest and financial woes, the "Fact Finder's Report" spotlighted major problematic issues; the Fact Finders Act in late 1924 sought to resolve some of these problems. In 1928 Congress authorized the Boulder Canyon/Hoover Dam Project, and large appropriations began, for the first time, to flow to Reclamation from the general funds of the United States. The authorization came only after a hard-fought debate about the pros and cons of public power versus private power. The true heyday of Reclamation construction of water facilities occurred during the Great Depression in cooperation with the C.C.C. and the 35 years after WWII.
Price: 165 USD
Location: Coeur d'Alene, Idaho
End Time: 2024-10-20T23:04:07.000Z
Shipping Cost: 8.5 USD
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